A case study of boko haram, journal of religion in africa 42. Also the culture and tradition of each states in nigeria. The history and dynamics of the development of the nigeria police force in the country indicate that the various police forces were established, organised and maintained by colonial and postcolonial governments largely for the protection of the. Force is an agency established by law to ensure preservation of public order and law. Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 2, fall 2012 political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. The nigeria police force is a federal government institution with a centralized command structure headed by the inspector general of police igp who reports directly to the president.
Nigeria is a federal republic composed of 36 states and the federal capital territory fct. This formation marked the beginnings of the first modern police in the history of lagos. Nigeria police force npf in the 1980s, serious crime grew to nearly epidemic proportions, particularly in lagos and other urbanized areas characterized by rapid growth and change, by stark economic inequality and deprivation, by social disorganization, and by inadequate government service and law enforcement capabilities. An overview ibimilua adewale festus department of geography and planning science faculty of the social sciences ekiti state university, adoekiti ekiti state, nigeria. The authority ranks in nigeria police force npf, from top to bottom is the inspector general of police down to the constable. A study of law enforcement officers arrested final technical report award number. Many of the first republic politicians were not corrupt since the majority of them came into politics with ideologies and principles.
All u need to know the nigerian police force is the primary police serving nigeria which is one of the most populous nations of the world. Colonial era in 1861, the british started to colonize the different societies that presently constitute nigeria, beginning with lagos. Police corruption is a universal challenge 2 what do we know about police corruption. It enables one to conduct oneself socially and even influence the beaviour of people. Nigeria has a long history, with its roots in early civilisations of distinguished artistry. Sub 1 of the section states that there shall be a police force for nigeria, which shall be known as the nigeria police force, and subject to the provisions of this section no other police force shall be established for the l federation or any part thereof. To gain weight and conform with african standards of beauty, nigerian girls can consume food all day in fattening rooms. The first person to have the highest rank in all the police is commissioner general colonel kk. The stage was indeed set for a clear departure from traditional. Introduction nigeria has had a long and unfortunate history of communal conflicts and ethnoreligious violence.
The nigeria police force criminal investigation and intelligence department fciid is the highest investigating arm of the nigeria police. The nigeria police force is the principal law enforcement and the lead security agency in. The objective of this paper is to make an overview of community policing in nigeria. We shall examine the functions or roles of police force in combating or fighting crimes in nigeria according to section 23 of the police act. Nigeria police force npf nigeria intelligence agencies.
Corruption in nigeria has been a prevalent issue for decades. The motto of the nigeria is the police is your friend. The powers of the police force in nigeria is contained in the nigeria police act. The nigerian police is the principal law enforcement agency in the country today. The ranks in nigeria police force are divided across three structures. Many see the police more as fiends instead of friends. The criminal investigation department cid is the highest criminal investigation arm of the nigeria police npf. It is common knowledge that in nigeria witnesses often refrain from coming forward in case they might get into some sort of trouble.
Nigeria, july 2008 2 of slaves flowed north across the sahara for a millennium, ending only at the beginning of the twentieth century. Nis history the nigeria immigration service nis is the government agency that has been charged with the responsibility of migration management in nigeria. Police crimes are those crimes committed by sworn law enforcement officers with the general powers of arrest. Nigeria is a nation of vast human and natural resource potential that has experienced. The plateau area around jos was a meeting point for cultural influences from the upper niger valley where agriculture developed independently as early as 5000 bce and from egypt. During the early history of policing, individual citizens were largely responsible for maintaining law and order among themselves. A nigeria police clearance certificate also known as. In 1879 a 1,200member armed paramilitary hausa constabulary was formed. The study utilized indepth interview supplemented with computer based literature and found that. It operates the presidential system of government with three distinct but complementary arms namely the executive, the legislature and the judiciary, each acting as a check on. This thesis is an institutional ethnography of the nigeria police force. There are currently plans to increase the force to 650,000, adding.
Ibitoye oyewole amos department of geography and planning science faculty of the social sciences ekiti state university, adoekiti ekiti state, nigeria. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. It helps to preserve the culture and history of a community. Nigeria police force was first established in 1820. The history of the nigerian army and the implications for the future of nigeria, by maj fredrick c. Administrative, authority and organizational structure.
The nigerian experience is, however, peculiar in the sense that there is no love lost between the police and most community members, given the history of the nigerian police. The official ranks in the nigerian police force ranks ng. In this presentation, we explore the history, context and crises of the police in nigeria. The nigeria police in 2004 embraced community policing as a pragmatic approach to police reforms. Nigeria police force today is the principal law enforcement service in nigeria. Community policing is a philosophy that started many decades back. For example, in plateau state, in nigerias middle belt, there have been many. Lessons from history the nigeria police force is seen in many quarters as the proverbial leopard. New york abstract the current study assessed the state of welfare condition of the nigeria police force. Ahistoryofnigeria assets cambridge university press. Lessons from history, journal of applied security research, 9. It is with total reverence of the almighty allah swt and deep appreciation of president muhammadu buhari, the president of the federal republic of nigeria who considered me worthy of appointment that i humbly address you today as. Section 1 the history of the police 3 enforcement in their communities. Nigerias movie production industry, nicknamed nollywood, is the secondlargest in the world by volume.
In 1930, the nigeria police force was established by merging the northern and southern nigeria police forces. Library of congress federal research division country profile. The nigeria police force was established in 1930, long before nigerias independence from british colonial masters. Nigeria police force headed by an inspectorgeneral. The police force was established in the year 1820 and began with officers from imo state. In the 1980s, serious crime grew to nearly epidemic proportions, particularly in lagos and other urbanized areas characterized by. It was also the first modern police force in the territories later designated nigeria by the british tamuno, 1970. Culture of nigeria history, people, clothing, traditions. African journal of criminology and justice studies. Effects of the nigeria police force personnel welfare condition on performance olusola o. Islam reached nigeria through the borno empire between 1068 ad and hausa states around 85 ad during the 11th century, while.
Over the years, the nis has witnessed series of changes since it was extracted from the nigeria police force npf in 1958. The history of crime in nigeria is as old as the country itself. Indeed, community policing as a philosophy and practice is a veritable vehicle for police reforms okiro, 2007. A history of nigerias police service africa is a country. Its functions include investigation and prosecution of serious and complex criminal cases within and outside the country. However, in nigeria, the reality is that the police organisation.
According to nigerias constitution, the president must consult with the nigeria police council prior to appointing or removing the inspector general. Ethnic and religious clashes have continued in africas most densely populated nation. In nigeria, for instance, true representatives of citizen advisory committees are. The history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc. History of nigeria including historic regions, fulani and sokoto, british explorers, ss alburkah, trade and antislavery, british colonial rule, independence and. For instance, police and community members establish citizen advisory committees that would open up channels of communication between police and the community sykes, 1978, p. Within nigeria, slavery was widespread and bore social implications that are still evident. Pdf the foundation of policing in nigeria today can be traced to colonial legacy. These crimes can occur while the officer is either on or offduty and. Shire reeves, or sheriffs, were employed fulltime to oversee law enforcement activities within their shires in england and their counties. In 2015 citizens elected president muhammadu buhari of the all progressives congress party to a fouryear term in the first successful democratic transfer of power from a sitting president in the countrys history. In 1879, a 1200 member armed paramilitary hausa constabulary was formed. But you have to write or enlightened the people on the history of nigeria with the different ethnicity and the different tribe we have.
In 1879 there was the establishment of the constabulary of lagos. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire. By examining key themes such as colonialism, religion, slavery, nationalism, and the economy, the authors show how. Those who served as constables and justices of the peace did so voluntarily and were not typically paid for their services. Nigeria is a big oil exporter, but violence and oil spills dog the industry. Section 214 of the 1999 constitution establish nigerian police force. Each state unit of between 160 and 400 police was commanded by an assistant superintendent and equipped with vehicles, communications gear, weapons, and crowd control equipment, including cane shields, batons, and tear gas. If playback doesnt begin shortly, try restarting your device. There shall be a police force for nigeria, which shall be known as the nigeria police force, and subject to the provisions of this section no other police force shall be established for the federation or. The police are expected to perform functions critical to relations between the government and citizens in democratic societies.
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